Introduction

The development of breast cancer is related to the influence of various risk factors.

Aim

The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence of selected breast cancer risk factors in patients with breast cancer.

Material and method

The study was conducted in the period from September 2015 until April 2016. The method of

diagnostic survey. The research tool was the original questionnaire. In total, data were

collected from 200 patients with breast cancer. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics

methods.

Results

More than 20% of women declared breast cancer in the family. 28.5% in the past suffered from other forms of cancer such as thyroid cancer, adrenal, skin. Most patients did not provide information on other breast diseases in the past. A slightly higher percentage of the examined women (32.5%) declared that before the diagnosis of breast cancer, mammography had ever seenchanges with an increased density of the glandular breast tissue.

Conclusions

1. Among the risk factors that have been observed in the analyzed group are the familial burden of breast cancer and other cancers, as well as the incidence of other cancers in the past. 2. The analysis showed that in the group of examined women there was a problem of increased density of breast tissue.

3. Most of the respondents negate occurence of other breast diseases in the past.

Jarząb B. Nowotwory. W: Zahorska – Markiewicz B, Małecka – Tendera E, (red.). Patofizjologia kliniczna. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Elsevier Urban & Partner; 2009: 31-81.

Domagała W. Nowotwory. W: Domagała W, Chosia M, Urasińska E, (red.). Podstawy patologii. Warszawa: PZWL; 2010: 107 – 162.

Nowińska A. Kliniczne aspekty genetycznego uwarunkowania raka piersi – podstawowe wiadomości dla onkologa praktyka. Nowotwory. 2002; 4: 317–323.

Zbucka M, Leśniewska M, Knapp P, Wołczyński S. Czy można wpłynąć na ryzyko wystąpienia raka piersi? Prz Menopauz. 2005; 6: 70–75.

Wojciechowska U, Didkowska J. Zachorowania i zgony na nowotwory złośliwe w Polsce. Krajowy Rejestr Nowotworów, Centrum Onkologii - Instytut im. Marii Skłodowskiej – Curie: http://onkologia.org.pl/raporty (dostęp: 15.07.2016).

Didkowska J, Wojciechowska U, Zatoński W. Nowotwory złośliwe w Polsce w 2011 roku. Warszawa: Centrum Onkologii Instytut im. M Skłodowskiej – Curie; 2013.

King MC, Marks JH, Mandell JB. Breast and ovarian cancer risks due to inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Science. 2003; 302: 643-646.

Tyczyński JE. Środowiskowe przyczyny chorób nowotworowych i możliwości zapobiegania (profilaktyka pierwotna). W: Kułakowski A, Skowrońska – Gardas A, (red.). Onkologia. Podręcznik dla studentów medycyny. Warszawa: PZWL; 2003: 21–27.

Piotrowski J. Rak piersi. W: Kułakowski A, Skowrońska – Gardas A, (red.). Onkologia. Podręcznik dla studentów medycyny. Warszawa: PZWL 2003: 106 – 118.

Cigler T, Ryan PD. Onkologia piersi: obraz kliniczny i genetyka. W: Chaber BA, Lynch TJ, Longo DL, (red.). Harrison - onkologia. Lublin: Czelej; 2009: 368–374.

Brekelmans CT, Seynaeve C, Bartels CC, et al. Effectiveness of breast cancer surveillance in BRCA1/2 gene mutation carriers and women with high familial risk. J Clin Oncol. 2001; 19: 924-30.

Narod SA, Foulkes WD. BRCA1 and BRCA2: 1994 and beyond. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004; 4: 665-676.

Ebrahimi M, Vahdaninia M, Montazeri A. Risk factors for breast cancer in Iran: a case-control study. Breast Cancer Res. 2002; 4: R10.

Carpenter CL, Ross RK, Paganini-Hill A. Effect of family history, obesity and exercise on breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Int J Cancer. 2003; 1: 96–102.

Ozmen V, Ozcinar B, Karanlik H et al. Breast cancer risk factors in Turkish women: a University Hospital based nested case control study. World J Surg Oncol. 2009;7:37.

Mansha M, Saleem M, Wasim M et al. Prevalence of Known Risk Factors in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer at Inmol Hospital, Lahore, Punjab. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2016; 2: 563-568.

Eerola H, Blomqvist C, Pukkala E et al. Familial breast cancer in southern Finland: how prevalent are breast cancer families and can we trust the family history reported by patients? Eur J Cancer 2000; 9: 1143-1148.

Habanova M, Svikruhova J, Slavikova E. Hormonal contraceptives and their relationship to breast cancer. Klin Onkol. 2010; 6: 428-32

Połać I, Wilamowska A, Stetkiewicz T, et al. Gęsty sutek – czynniki ryzyka raka piersi. Prz Menopauz. 2008; 5: 273–277.